stockman



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet -1.

" J. M. STO-CKMAN.

Air Compressor. No. 234,733. Patented Nov. 23, I880.

NPETERS. FNOTGUTHOGRAPHER, WASHXNGTQN, U c.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. M. STOGKMAN.

L 0 S S 6 r. p m 0 G T 1 A. 3 3 J 4 3 2 o N Patented Nov. 23,1880.

MV PETERS, FHOYO-LITHOGRAPH (No Model.) J. M. ST OOKMAN. 3 Sheetw-Sheet 3.

Air Compressor. No. 234,733. Patented Nov. 23,1880.

Fig.4.

II I

Infleniun N. PETERS. PHOTO-LH'HOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON. 0 cv UNTTnn STATES PATENT Crrrca.

JOHN M. STQCKMAN, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO \VILLIAM T. GARRATT, OF SAME PLACE.

AIR-COMPRESSOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 234,733, dated November 23, 1880.

Application filed August 6, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom tt may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHNrh/I. STOOKMAN, of the city and county of San Francisco,in the State of California, have made and invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air- Compressors; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of my said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures and letters marked thereon.

My invention has reference to that class of compressors in which air is drawn into and expelled from a cylinder and into a receiver of some kind by the action of a body or column of water confined and moved back and forth within the cylinder, the air being drawn in at each backward movement and retreating before the column of water at each forward movement.

The objects of myimprovements, as hereinafter more fully described, are to provide for maintaining and moving an increased body of water in the compressing-cylinder without reducing the air-space or room in front of the water, wherein the air enters at each backward stroke, and also to keep this body of water constant as to quantity, and to preserve it at a low temperature against the effect of the heat that is developed during compression.

The following description and accompanying drawings illustrate the means by which these objects are accomplished.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an air-compressing machinehaving my improvements applied thereto, this machine being constructed with double compressingcylinders. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 shows an end view of the machine at the cylinder end with the valve-chambers in section. Figs. 4 and 5 show a plan view and transverse section through the valve-chamber. Figs. 6 and 7 show details of the adjusting and actuating mechanism connected with the supply and discharge pumps.

My improvement consists, essentially, of a compressing-cylinder, A, provided with a hollow tubular plunger, B, closed at the top, which is reciprocated in its cylinder through a stuffing-box, 0. Movement is given to this cylinder by means of a connecti n g-rod, D, from a crank-shaft, E, and the end of the cylinder opposite to the plunger end is provided with or connected to a suitable valve-chamber, F. With this compressing-cylinder I arrange and connect two pumps, G H, one of which is v operated to withdraw from the cylinder a greater or smaller quantity of water from the body or column contained therein, and the other one to supply a like quantity of water to the cylinder to replace that taken by the first pump. These two pumps are so operated that these quantities taken from and supplied to the cylinder can be regulated and varied at will.

The hollow tubular plunger B, when drawn out of its cylinder during its reciprocations, forms a telescopic extension and gives increased waterspace, so that a larger column or body of water can be used and still aproper air-space in front of this body be afforded to receive the air for compression. By this construction the plunger is always filled with water as it moves outward, and a quantity of the whole amount confined within the cylinder is thus brought into contact with the atmosphere at each reciprocation of the plunger. The heat developed duriu g compression is taken up by this body of water used as the comprcssin g mediunninsteadof beingabsorbed by the cylinder and adjacent parts of the machine, so that it becomes necessary to keep the water at a low temperature, or to replace it with a quantity of cool water as often as it becomes too greatly charged with heat. The means for effecting this discharge and supply of water from the cylinder A consists of the two pumps G H, as hereinbefore described, which are arranged to work together, so as to uniformly draw off and supply a given quantity of water, or so as to supply and discharge a greater or less quantity, or so as to work one without the other, as desired.

In the drawings I have shown two of these compressing-cylinders operated from a single crank-shaft by means of an engine, I. In this case the engine-cylinder is located upon the bed-plate J, midway between thel'twooylinders A A, and power is coi'nlnunicated to the shaft E by means of the connecting-rod K, cross-head L, and crank M. Upon each end IOC of the crank-shaft is fixed a driving-wheel, N, having a wrist-pin, to which is attached the connecting -rod D of the plunger 13. The tubular plungers are thus reciprocated alternately into and out of their cylinders, and by their movements they act upon the confined body of water to move and drive before it the air at thei'ront end of the cylinder, while by their tubular form they permit the water to retreat before the incoming body of air, so as to afford a larger air-space in front of the water.

The means for working the pumps and for regulating their action are shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings. The supply-pump G, located beneath the cylinder, is connected thereto by the pipe m, water being supplied to this pump by the pipen. The other pump, H, located at the other end of the bed-plate, draws water from the cylinder through the pipe 0, and discharges it through the pipe 1).

The piston-rods Q Q of these two pumps I operate by means of the slotted oscillating levers, to which the rods are connected by the pivoted rods t t, the fulcrum-pin R, upon the side of the bed-plate, and the pin or stud "0, upon the side of and carried by the crosshead L. To this stud the end of the oscillating lever is fixed. These parts are so arranged that when the engine is at the center of its stroke the points R and e are in line, one over the other, and the lever s has an upright position. The oscillating movement of the lever 5- gives reciprocating motion to the pumprods Q, Q, and one pump withdraws as the other one supplies a quantity of water to the cylinder. Either one of these pumps can be thrown out of action and one used without the other by disconnecting its rod 25 from the stud on the side of the oscillating lever. For this purpose I provide the rod t with a hookconnection,1, to engage with the stud z. I also cause the length of stroke of the pumprods Q Q to be capable of adjustment, so that the pumps shall supply and discharge a greater or less quantity of water. This is accomplished by having the fulcrum-pin R adjustable vertically on the side of the bed-plate so that it can be set up or down at pleasure.

The slide to is held in dovetailed guides on the bed-plate, and is moved and held by means ot' the screw 00, worked by the hand-wheel a). By setting this pin either up or down the movements of the rods t t are made shorter or longer, as required. This construction is shown in Figs. 6 and 7 of the drawings.

Each of the cylinders A A connects with a curved extension, P, which, in turn, connect with and act to support the valve-chamber F. In this chamber are theinlet-valves cl 01, opening to the atmosphere, through which air is drawn into the cylinders, and the dischargevalves 0 a, leading to the compartments ff, through which the compressed air passes to the conducting-pipe S. This arrangement of valve-chamber I employ in constructing a machine with two cylinders.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- I 1. In combination with the compressingcylinder A, having the tubular reciprocating plunger B, the pumps G H, connected with the cylinder and operated and capable of being adjusted to withdraw from and supply to the cylinder a greater or less quantity of liquid at intervals. substantially as described, to operate for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination with the pumps G H, the oscillating lever, working upon the fulcrumpin R, and connected at its upper end to the reciprocating cross-head L, the connectingrods 15 t, with their hook-connectious y, adapted to engage with the oscillating lever, and the sliding plate or block carrying the fulcrumpin R and held and adjusted in the guides on the bed-plate by means of the adjusting-screw 00, substantially as described, to operate for the purposes set forth.

3. The air-compressing machine or engine, consisting, essentially, of the compressing-cylinders A A with reciprocating tubular plun gers B B, the motor-shaft E, operated from the engine-cylinder and provided with crank-connections, to which the plungerrods l) are attached, the valve-chamber with its sets of valves cl 6, and the pumps G G H H, arranged and combined with the cylinders A A, and operated from the cross-head L, or other reciprocating part of the machine, through the medium of the oscillating lever s, stud It, and connecting-rods t t, substantially as described and specified.

\Vitness my hand and seal.

JOHN M. STOOKMAN.

Witnesses:

WM. F. CLAIR, WM. VOIT. 

